解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::False-positive serological reactions (FPSR) due to infections with Yersinia enterocolitica serotype Oratio9 (YeOratio9) are a problem in tests for brucellosis. In the present study, FPSR in classical and novel tests for brucellosis following experimental infections of pigs with YeOratio9 were compared with responses o...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S095026880500511X
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::During 1989-2002, we studied the antimicrobial resistance of 3928 blood culture isolates of Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi (S. Typhi) in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Overall 32% (1270) of the strains were multidrug-resistant (MDR, resistant to chloramphenicol, ampicillin and trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole); first detected i...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268805004759
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (Map), the cause of ruminant paratuberculosis, has been proposed as the causative agent of Crohn's disease. The objective of this study was to determine whether exposure to clinical cases of bovine paratuberculosis was a risk factor for Crohn's disease. A questionnaire w...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268805004681
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The prevalence of Escherichia coli O157 displays striking variability across the Scottish cattle population. On 78% of farms, in a cross-sectional survey of 952, no shedding of E. coli O157 was detected, but on a small proportion, approximately 2%, very high prevalences of infection were found (with 90-100% of pats sa...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268805004590
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two elementary schools were served lunches that were cooked in the same kitchen. An outbreak of Escherichia coli O157:H7 occurred at one school where the dishes that were prepared for the school were lukewarm and kept for 33 min at an average temperature of 45 degrees C before serving. However, no outbreak occurred at...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268805004589
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Between March and July 2003, 671 cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) were diagnosed in Taiwan with a total of 84 fatalities. After the epidemic, a serological survey was conducted involving the asymptomatic household contacts. Household contacts of 13 index patients were enrolled in the study. Contact hi...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268805004541
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A large outbreak of gastroenteritis occurred in Catalonia in June 2002 with 1435 cases and 117 hospitalizations. Consumption of a hard pastry with vanilla cream was strongly associated with illness. Stool samples from cases and food-handlers were analysed. The premises of the food manufacturer were inspected and food ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268805004504
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 10-month longitudinal household study of pre-school children and their families was undertaken with monthly visits collecting epidemiological data and nasopharyngeal swabs in Hertfordshire, England from 2001 to 2002. Pneumococcal culture was with standard methods. In total, 121 families (489 individuals) took part. ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268805004012
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Orf of the hand is an uncommon zoonotic infection caused by a dermotropic DNA virus that belongs to the Parapoxvirus genus of the family Poxviridae. It is transmitted to humans through contact with infected sheep and goats and is reported as an occupational disease. We report nine cases of human orf seen in the hands ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268805003778
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigated whether exposure to inactivated rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV) can produce an antigenic response in rabbits and protect them from a subsequent challenge with virulent virus. The aim was to determine if the spreading of baits containing RHDV, which is a common management practice in Ne...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268805003754
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Escherichia coli O157 outbreaks were identified in Minnesota in February 2003 involving seven persons and in Colorado in July 2003 involving 13 persons. Case isolates from the two states had matching pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) patterns. Independent case-control studies linked infections in each outbreak w...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268804003589
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::During the period 2000-2003, wild grey foxes (Urocyon cinereoargenteus) in northern Colombia became infected with rabies. In order to derive phylogenetic relationships between rabies viruses isolated in foxes, dogs and humans in this region, 902 nt cDNA fragments containing the G-L intergenic region and encoding the c...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268805003699
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three sources of data (general practice episode data from the Weekly Returns Service of the Royal College of General Practitioners, national hospital admission data for England and national mortality data by date of death) were examined separately in each winter (1994/1995 to 1999/2000) to investigate the impact of in...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268804003231
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) is a cattle respiratory disease that represents one of the major threats to cattle health and production in sub-Saharan Africa. The transmission contact rate of CBPP plays a key role in the spreading dynamics of the disease. We have developed an approach based on the combinatio...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268804003498
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Seasonal peaks in both human campylobacter infections and poultry isolates have been observed in several European countries but remain unexplained. We compared weekly data on human campylobacter infections with thermophilic Campylobacter isolation rates from fresh, retail chicken samples (n = 514) purchased weekly in ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268804003188
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The prevalence of hepatitis C and related risk factors in drug users were compared in two geographic regions in Belgium, the city of Antwerp and the mixed urban-rural area of Limburg. All 310 participants were surveyed and screened for hepatitis B, hepatitis C and HIV. Prevalence rates of anti-HCV, anti-HBc and anti-H...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268804002973
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::F4+ Escherichia coli is an important agent of post-weaning diarrhoea in piglets. Piglets that express an adhesion site for F4+ E. coli in their small intestine (F4R+) shed higher numbers of F4+ E. coli than piglets lacking this site (F4R-). We hypothesized that F4R+ piglets are more infectious and more susceptible for...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268804002675
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A serological prevalence survey was carried out in Luxembourg during 2000-2001 to determine the antibody status of the Luxembourg population against vaccine-preventable infections including varicella-zoster virus (VZV). ELISA tests performed on 2679 sera indicated that 96 (3.6%) of the study population were seronegati...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268804002754
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Between January 1994 and October 1997, we interviewed 2576 black in-patients with newly diagnosed cancer in Johannesburg and Soweto, South Africa. Blood was tested for HIV-1 and HHV-8 antibodies and the study was restricted to 2191 HIV-1 antibody-negative patients. We examined the relationship between infection with H...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268804002845
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::To assess areas at risk for poliovirus circulation in Ecuador, we first selected provinces at highest risk based on low immunization coverage with three doses of oral poliovirus vaccine, and a low number of reported cases of acute flaccid paralysis (AFP). Subsequently, we reviewed discharge data for the period 1996--2...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1017/s0950268804002626
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A Salmonella Enteritidis (SE) outbreak in Japan was investigated with an observational study, analytical epidemiology and bacteriological examination (including phage typing). The outbreak occurred among 96 schoolchildren, and was caused by SE phage type 1. The outbreak source was dessert buns served at a school lunch...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268804002778
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We used a structured population model to study factors determining the magnitude of indirect protection in Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccination. On a simulation platform mimicking the population of Finland, a Hib transmission and immunity model, including cross-reactive bacterial encounters, was formulated....
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s095026880400250x
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The drug susceptibility and genes responsible for the drug resistance of Vibrio cholerae O1 isolated in Vietnam in 1995, 2000 and 2002 were studied. The strains isolated in 1995 were resistant to streptomycin and harboured the class I integron which contained the aadA1 gene responsible for streptomycin resistance. The...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268804002596
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In Spain, vaccination against rubella was initiated in schoolgirls in the mid-1970s. In Gipuzkoa, subsequent extensions to the vaccination schedule culminated in 1992 with the introduction of the two-dose measles, mumps and rubella vaccine in children and adolescents of both sexes. Moreover, in 1985 a programme for th...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268804002158
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A recent resurgence in serious infections due to Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) has been observed in the United Kingdom. More information on Hib transmission in the population is required in order to better understand the mechanism of this increase. The Public Health Laboratory Service (subsumed into the Health P...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268804002122
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study measured the prevalence and the risk factors associated with HCV antibody-positive prisoners. A total of 630 prisoners completed a questionnaire about risk behaviours associated with HCV transmission and were tested for HCV antibody from a blood test. Of these 362 (57.5%) prisoners were HCV antibody positiv...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268803001882
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::An epidemiological model was developed for rabies, linking the risk of disease in a secondary species (cats) to the temporal dynamics of disease in a wildlife reservoir (raccoons). Data were obtained from cats, raccoons, and skunks tested for rabies in the northeastern United States during 1992-2000. An epizootic algo...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268804002067
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A total of 4624 pneumococcal isolates from episodes of systemic pneumococcal disease were received at the Norwegian Institute of Public Health during the period 1995-2001. All isolates were serotyped and tested for susceptibility to benzylpenicillin, lincomycin, erythromycin, tetracycline and trimethroprim sulphametho...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268803001511
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fifty-four isolates of Salmonella enterica subsp. diarizonae (IIIb) in Norway, Sweden, England, the United States, France and Australia were characterized by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). This study focuses on serovar 61:k:1,5,(7) [S. IIIb 61:k:1,5,(7)] isolated from sheep. Digestion of the bacterial DNA wi...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268803001717
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Among the known human rotavirus serotypes, types G1-G4 are ubiquitous and account for >80% of global human rotavirus strains. Since 1994 an increase in reports of G9 serotype isolates has been observed in both developed and developing countries. In the winter season of 1999-2000 we detected the appearance of G9 rotavi...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268803001602
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Medical records, for 2000 and 2001, of symptomatic amoebic patients who were treated at our hospitals in Tokyo, Yokohama and Osaka were studied retrospectively for the purpose of gathering epidemiological data on symptomatic Entamoeba histolytica infection. A total of 58 patients were treated. Fifty-five of them were ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268803001389
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The number of patients with severe invasive group-G streptococcal (Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis) infections has been increasing in Japan. The emm genotypes and SmaI-digested pulsed-field gel electrophoresis DNA profiles were variable among the strains isolated, suggesting there has not been clonal exp...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268803001262
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Escherichia coli O157 infections cause an estimated 60 deaths and 73 000 illnesses annually in the United States. A marked summer peak in incidence is largely unexplained. We investigated an outbreak of E. coli O157 infections at an agricultural fair in Ohio and implicated consumption of beverages made with fairground...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268803001237
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::HIV-infected individuals with high levels of IgG antibodies against human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) are at increased risk of developing Kaposi's sarcoma. The aim of this study was to measure the association between HHV-8 viraemia and IgG antibody responses (by immunofluorescence) in a group of 201 HIV-infected individuals...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268803001146
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::When applicable, case-crossover studies may be quicker and cheaper to complete than case-control studies. Because time is a major issue in outbreak investigations, we evaluated the interest of this design during a continuous common source food-borne outbreak of salmonellosis for which the vehicle (hamburgers) was also...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268803001006
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aims of this descriptive study were to confirm the high incidence of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) previously reported from Papua New Guinea (PNG) and to relate SSPE to previous measles vaccination and measles illness. From February 1997 to April 1999 we diagnosed a total of 55 patients with SSPE at G...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268803008999
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We conducted the first seroepidemiological study to evaluate the exposure of zoo animals to Borrelia burgdorferi s.l. in German zoos and wildlife parks. A total of 1487 individuals representing 148 ungulate and carnivore species belonging to 19 families were examined using a non-species dependent ELISA. Specific antib...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268803008896
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Occurrences of ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP) and Vibrio cholerae infected patients in Hong Kong were reviewed for the 13-year period 1989-2001. Peak activity of CFP preceded peak activity of cholera in nine of the years except in 4 years (1990, 1991, 1992, 1996) where it was observed that the total number of cholera ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268803008665
更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::To obtain insight into mumps immunity 9 years after introduction of vaccination in The Netherlands, antibodies were measured in a national sample (n = 8298) and in clustered religious groups with low vaccine acceptance (n = 254). All sera were tested by indirect ELISA, and agreement with neutralization assay was asses...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268803008641
更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Migrants from Java arrive in hyperendemic Papua, Indonesia lacking exposure to endemic malaria. We evaluated records of evacuation to hospital with a diagnosis of severe malaria from a transmigration village in northeastern Papua. During the first 30 months, 198 residents with severe disease were evacuated (7.5 evacua...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268803008422
更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00